What does the term "universal precautions" mean?

The term "universal precautions" refers to the practice of assuming that all blood and body fluids are potentially infectious, regardless of the patient's diagnosis or perceived risk. This approach is grounded in the understanding that bloodborne pathogens can be transmitted through contact with bodily fluids, which could include blood, saliva, urine, or other secretions. By applying universal precautions consistently, healthcare workers can help prevent the transmission of infections not only to themselves but also to other patients and staff members.

This concept is crucial in healthcare settings, as it promotes a proactive stance rather than a reactive one, emphasizing that precautions should be taken universally rather than selectively based on known risks. The focus is on comprehensive protection to mitigate the risk of exposure and ensure safety across all patient interactions.

The other options mentioned suggest limited or conditional practices that do not align with the comprehensive philosophy of universal precautions. By understanding this principle, healthcare professionals can maintain a high standard of infection control and patient safety.